Unmasking the "Unclaimed Property" Government Email Scam

One in seven Americans currently has money sitting in state treasury vaults waiting to be claimed, a staggering statistic that cybercriminals now exploit with devastating precision through highly sophisticated phishing networks. Fraudsters recognize that the sheer volume of legitimate abandoned assets creates the perfect psychological cover story for extortion. They deploy targeted emails that mimic official government letterhead to extract sensitive data and steal money from people who think they are about to receive a sudden financial windfall. The mechanism is simple but effective. Criminals weaponize the promise of free money against the basic instincts of their victims.


The New Age of Digital Extortion: How the Scam Actually Works

The modern unclaimed property scam operates on a foundation of partial truths. State governments actually do hold billions of dollars in dormant bank accounts, uncashed payroll checks, forgotten utility security deposits, and abandoned life insurance policies. Financial institutions are legally required to turn over inactive accounts to state controllers after a specific dormancy period. This process is called escheatment. Because the underlying premise is factually correct, the scam easily bypasses the initial skepticism most people apply to unsolicited emails.

Criminal syndicates purchase massive databases of personal information exposed in corporate data breaches. They cross-reference this stolen data with public records, obituaries, and social media profiles. The resulting profiles allow them to craft highly personalized emails. You do not just receive a generic message about hidden wealth. You receive an email addressing you by your full legal name, referencing a specific previous address, and claiming a specific dollar amount is waiting for you in a state treasury account. This level of personalization disarms the target.

Once the victim believes the premise, the trap closes. The email insists that the funds will be forfeited to the state general fund unless claimed immediately. This fabricated deadline creates panic. The victim clicks a provided link, which directs them to a counterfeit government portal. There, they are asked to input their Social Security number, banking details for a direct deposit, and a copy of their driver's license. The scammers steal the identity data and often drain the victim's bank account directly.


The Anatomy of a Fraudulent State Controller Email

Most financial security advice tells you to rely on spam filters and antivirus software to block fraudulent emails. That advice is outdated and dangerous. Relying on software to catch highly targeted, socially engineered phishing emails makes you lazy. Scammers easily bypass automated filters by using clean text, spoofed sending addresses, and links that redirect through legitimate services before landing on a malicious payload.

A typical fraudulent email displays the official seal of your state's treasury or controller's office. The formatting is clean. The grammar is flawless. The sender address might look like "claims@treasury-gov-alerts.com" instead of the legitimate ".gov" domain. The email usually quotes actual state statutes regarding abandoned property to add an air of authority. It will cite a specific claim ID number. It will list an exact monetary figure, usually between $2,000 and $8,000. The amount is large enough to be life-changing for many families but small enough to avoid triggering absolute disbelief.

The psychological manipulation relies on relief. Many Americans live paycheck to paycheck. An unexpected $5,000 check feels like salvation. The scammers know this. They design the email to provoke an emotional response that overrides logical analysis. The victim stops looking for typographical errors or suspicious URLs. They only see the money. They focus entirely on the steps required to acquire the funds.

The instructions in the email always require immediate action. They claim the property is entering the final stage of escheatment. If the victim does not verify their identity within forty-eight hours, the funds supposedly become the permanent property of the state. Real government agencies do not operate this way. Unclaimed property is held indefinitely in almost all jurisdictions. The state never permanently confiscates your forgotten bank account just because you missed an arbitrary deadline. The urgency is entirely manufactured.


Deconstructing the "Action Required" Phishing Link

The core of the attack lives inside the hyperlink embedded in the email. Scammers rarely attach malware directly to the message anymore. Instead, they use a button labeled "Verify Identity and Claim Funds." Hovering over this button reveals a complex URL. The link often starts with a legitimate-looking string of characters but ends in a foreign domain or a recently registered commercial domain.

Clicking the link transports the user to a cloned version of a state treasury website. The scammers scrape the HTML and CSS of the real government portal. The fake site looks identical to the real one, down to the copyright notices and accessibility links at the bottom of the page. The only difference is the data capture form in the center of the screen. The form asks for everything required to steal an identity. Name, date of birth, Social Security number, mother's maiden name, and current banking credentials. Once the user clicks submit, the data is instantly transmitted to a server controlled by the syndicate. The site then displays a fake confirmation page promising a deposit within three business days.


The Scale of the Problem: Legitimate Returns Versus Stolen Wealth

The National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators operates as the central organizing body for state treasury efforts. According to their reports, state unclaimed property offices returned over $4.49 billion to rightful owners in a single fiscal year. This massive transfer of wealth occurs quietly every day. People find old 401(k) accounts from previous employers. They locate uncashed dividend checks. They discover life insurance policies left behind by deceased parents.

Because the legitimate system distributes billions of dollars annually, the shadow system of fraud has scaled up proportionally. State controllers are fighting a constant battle against sophisticated criminal operations. These operations file fake claims using stolen identities. They intercept legitimate checks in the mail. They trick citizens into handing over their access credentials. The sheer volume of money makes unclaimed property a permanent target.

The problem is compounded by the fact that states actively advertise their unclaimed property portals. They run television commercials, host booths at state fairs, and run social media campaigns encouraging people to search for their names. This public awareness is entirely necessary to return the funds. However, it also primes the public to expect communications about hidden money. When a scammer sends a phishing email, the victim might vaguely recall seeing a legitimate news segment about unclaimed property the previous week. The scam feels familiar. It feels plausible.


Analyzing 2026 Data on Unclaimed Property Search Abuse

Recent data indicates a sharp increase in coordinated attacks targeting the unclaimed property system. Organized fraud networks employ automated bots to scrape state databases. They extract the names and last known addresses of individuals owed significant sums. They then cross-reference this public list with stolen data from credit bureau breaches to find the current contact information for the targets.


Data Source Common Origin of Unclaimed Funds Typical Dormancy Period
Commercial Banks Checking and Savings Accounts 3 to 5 Years
Employers Uncashed Payroll Checks 1 Year
Utility Companies Security Deposits 1 to 3 Years
Insurance Companies Life Insurance Payouts 3 Years After Date of Death
Brokerage Firms Uncashed Dividends, Inactive Stocks 3 to 5 Years

The Three-Pronged Attack: Phishing, Vishing, and Smishing Tactics

Criminals do not rely on email alone. They use a diversified approach to reach potential victims. Phishing relies on email. Vishing involves voice calls. Smishing uses text messages. All three methods aim for the same result. The attackers adjust their tactics based on the demographic data they hold. Older targets receive phone calls. Younger targets receive text messages. Everyone receives emails.

Smishing has become particularly dangerous. A text message bypasses the heavy spam filters associated with email accounts. A victim might receive a text saying, "Texas Comptroller Alert: You have an unclaimed deposit of $1,450. Claim here: tx-comptroller-claims.com." The text appears on the same screen where the user receives legitimate alerts from their bank or pharmacy. The context implies trust. The user taps the link on their phone. Mobile browsers make it difficult to verify the full URL, hiding the fraudulent domain name behind a clean interface.

Vishing requires more effort from the scammers but yields higher conversion rates. A human operator calls the victim. They already possess the victim's name, address, and part of their Social Security number. The caller assumes a position of authority, claiming to be an investigator for the state treasury. They dictate a series of fabricated facts to build credibility. They then inform the victim that a small administrative fee must be paid over the phone to clear the legal title of the funds. They demand a credit card number. If the victim hesitates, the caller threatens legal action or permanent forfeiture of the money.


Why They Pose as the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators

Many scam emails claim to originate directly from the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators. This specific impersonation is highly calculated. A quick internet search by a skeptical victim will reveal that the organization actually exists. They will see that it is a legitimate entity affiliated with state governments. This superficial confirmation often convinces the victim to proceed with the instructions in the email.

The deception falls apart if the victim reads the official guidelines. The National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators explicitly states on their website that they never contact individuals directly regarding abandoned assets. They are an administrative organization. They do not process individual claims. They do not send emails offering to recover funds. Any communication claiming to be from them is automatically fraudulent. Yet, because their name sounds deeply authoritative, scammers use it constantly.


The Surge in AI-Generated Forgeries and Deepfake Voice Calls

The introduction of accessible artificial intelligence has eliminated the traditional hallmarks of a scam. Five years ago, you could spot a phishing email by looking for spelling errors, awkward phrasing, or strange capitalization. Foreign criminal syndicates struggled to replicate natural English business communication. That barrier no longer exists. Large language models allow anyone to generate perfectly formatted, highly persuasive government communications in seconds.

The technology extends to voice calls. Scammers use AI audio tools to clone voices or generate perfectly accented conversational agents. These automated systems can handle the initial stages of a vishing call, answering basic questions and directing the victim to press a specific number to process their claim. The use of deepfakes makes the attack feel legitimate. It mimics the sterile, automated phone trees used by actual government agencies. When the victim finally reaches a human operator, they have already been conditioned to accept the interaction as an official process.


Red Flags: Spotting the Difference Between Real Notices and Frauds

Protecting yourself requires recognizing the distinct differences between how a state government operates and how a criminal operates. Governments move slowly. They rely on standard postal mail for official notifications. They do not use high-pressure sales tactics. They do not ask for retail gift cards. Criminals rely entirely on speed, fear, and untraceable payment methods.

The most reliable indicator of fraud is the communication channel. Very few states initiate contact regarding unclaimed property via email or text message, unless you have specifically signed up for an alert system on their official website. If an email arrives unprompted, you must assume it is malicious. The burden of proof lies entirely on the sender.


Feature Official State Treasury Communication Fraudulent Email Campaign
Sender Address Ends strictly in .gov or designated official domains. Spoofed domains mimicking state names (e.g., mail@california-treasury-claims.com).
Initial Contact Method Physical letters sent via USPS, often in plain envelopes. Unsolicited emails, automated text messages, or direct phone calls.
Upfront Fees Absolutely none. Searching and claiming is always free. Demands for processing fees, notary charges, or taxes in advance.
Urgency None. Funds are held indefinitely by the state. Extreme pressure. Claims that funds will be seized within 24 to 48 hours.
Information Requested Secure document upload through a verifiable .gov portal. Requests to email copies of IDs or provide full banking credentials over the phone.

Legitimate States Do Not Charge Recovery Fees

The single most important fact regarding unclaimed property is that claiming your money from a state government is entirely free. State controllers and treasurers do not charge application fees. They do not charge processing fees. They do not require you to pay taxes on the funds before they are released. The state holds the money as a custodian. It belongs to you. Returning it is a free public service.

If an email or a caller asks for money to release money, you are dealing with a scam. There are no exceptions to this rule. Scammers invent an endless variety of official-sounding fees to justify their demands. They ask for courier fees, legal clearance charges, audit costs, and title transfer taxes. These terms mean nothing. They are fabricated hurdles designed to extract cash from the victim before the victim realizes the underlying property claim does not exist.


Email Domains to Watch: Government Addresses Versus Commercial Variations

You must inspect the sender's email address carefully. A display name can be easily faked. An email might say it is from the "Office of the State Comptroller," but clicking on the name reveals the actual address. Legitimate state government emails end in ".gov" or a recognized state-specific domain like ".ca.gov" or ".ny.gov".

Fraudsters register lookalike domains. They buy ".com", ".org", or ".net" addresses that sound official. They use domains like "statetreasury-support.com" or "unclaimed-property-usa.org". They count on the fact that most people view emails on mobile devices where the full sender address is often hidden by default. Taking two seconds to expand the sender details prevents a massive financial disaster. If the address originates from a commercial domain, a free webmail service, or a strange country code, delete the email immediately.


The Mechanics of the "Processing Fee" Trap

The processing fee trap is the core monetization strategy for these criminal groups. Identity theft is valuable, but extracting cash directly is faster and easier. The scammer convinces the victim that a massive payout is imminent. They promise $15,000 from an old inheritance. The only barrier is a $500 processing fee. To the victim, paying $500 to receive $15,000 seems like a logical investment. They view it as a minor administrative hurdle.

Once the victim pays the initial fee, the trap deepens. The scammers rarely stop at one payment. They invent complications. They claim the transfer was blocked by international banking regulations and requires an additional $800 compliance certificate. They claim the IRS has flagged the transaction and demands a $1,200 withholding tax. The victim, having already sunk money into the process, feels committed. They pay the second fee, hoping to recover their initial investment along with the promised windfall. This cycle continues until the victim runs out of money or finally realizes the truth.


Cryptocurrencies, Wire Transfers, and Gift Card Demands

The payment methods demanded by the scammers confirm their criminal intent. Legitimate government agencies accept checks, money orders, or standard credit card payments through secure portals for their normal services. They never demand payment via irreversible, untraceable methods.

If a caller instructs you to go to a local grocery store and purchase $500 in retail gift cards to pay a tax on unclaimed property, it is a scam. If an email directs you to a Bitcoin ATM to wire funds to a digital wallet, it is a scam. If they ask you to use a peer-to-peer payment application like Zelle or Venmo to send money to an individual's account, it is a scam. These methods bypass the fraud protections built into the traditional banking system. Once you send cryptocurrency or read the numbers off the back of a gift card over the phone, the money is gone permanently.


Decision Matrix: Evaluating Third-Party Asset Recovery Services Against Outright Scams

The unclaimed property ecosystem includes legitimate businesses known as heir finders or asset locators. These companies monitor state databases, locate the rightful owners of large claims, and offer to handle the paperwork in exchange for a percentage of the recovered funds. They operate legally, though their services are entirely optional. Understanding the difference between a legal locator and a scammer is critical.

A legitimate locator drafts a physical contract. They state their fee clearly, which is usually capped by state law at 10% to 20% of the recovered amount. Crucially, a legitimate locator never asks for money upfront. They take their fee out of the final payout after the state processes the claim. They rely on the legal system to enforce their contract. A scammer, by contrast, demands cash immediately. They do not use written contracts. They rely on pressure and untraceable payment methods.


Decision Factor Direct State Claim (DIY) Legitimate Asset Locator Fraudulent Scam Operation
Cost Free. 0% fee. 10% to 20% contingent fee. Upfront flat fees or ongoing extortion.
Effort Required Moderate. You find the documents and fill out the forms. Low. The locator handles the bureaucracy. High. Constant demands for payment and data.
Payment Timing State pays you directly via check or deposit. State pays you, or pays the locator who remits the balance. You pay them immediately via wire or crypto.
Legality The official statutory method. Legal, regulated by state statutes. Criminal wire fraud and identity theft.

A Middle-Income Family's Choice: Ignoring the Notice Versus Hiring an Investigator

Consider the Jenkins family in Columbus, Ohio. They received an email bearing the state seal, claiming they were owed $8,500 from an old life insurance policy belonging to a deceased aunt. The email offered two paths. Path one required them to click a link and pay a $400 expedited administrative fee to release the funds within 24 hours. Path two involved hiring a private investigator mentioned in the email who would take a 25% cut of the recovered assets. Neither path was legitimate. Real state treasuries hold those funds indefinitely without demanding action.

The Jenkins family faced a specific financial trade-off. They could pay the $400 fee hoping for a quick return, risking cash they needed for rent. They could agree to the 25% contingency fee, sacrificing over two thousand dollars of their supposed inheritance. Or they could ignore the email entirely, assuming it was fake. The correct choice was a third option they had not considered initially. They went directly to the Ohio Department of Commerce website. They searched the database themselves. They found the $8,500 claim. The state processed it for free. The family avoided giving their banking details to a syndicate running a server out of Eastern Europe.


State-by-State Variations in Legitimate Notification

Scammers exploit the fact that people do not understand how their specific state handles abandoned property. Every state maintains its own laws regarding escheatment, dormancy periods, and notification procedures. Knowing how your state actually operates provides a massive advantage over the fraudsters.

States generally require financial institutions to make a good faith effort to contact the owner before turning the funds over to the government. This is called a due diligence letter. A bank will send a letter to your last known physical address warning you that your account will be escheated if you do not log in or respond. If you ignore that physical letter, the money goes to the state. The state then publishes your name. Some states buy ads in local newspapers listing the names of people owed large sums. Other states run massive online databases. Very few states send automated emails.


California's Property Letters Versus New York's Postcards

In California, the State Controller's Office mails physical notices to property owners before the property is transferred to the state. These letters contain specific instructions on how to contact the business holding the property directly. Scammers in California counter this by sending fake emails mimicking these letters, telling residents the property has already been seized and requires a fee to release. The Controller's office constantly issues fraud alerts reminding citizens that they never charge fees.

New York takes a different approach. The Office of the State Comptroller frequently mails physical postcards to residents informing them of potential lost funds. These postcards direct the resident to the official osc.ny.gov website. They are simple and direct. Scammers attempt to mimic this by mailing fake postcards with phone numbers connected to vishing operations. The key difference is the destination. The real postcard sends you to a .gov website. The fake postcard demands you call a 1-800 number to speak with an agent who will ask for a processing fee.


The Immediate Fallout of Clicking a Malicious Link

If you click a phishing link and enter your data, the consequences begin immediately. The scammers use automated scripts to test the stolen credentials. If you provided a banking username and password, they log into your account within seconds. They initiate wire transfers, alter your contact information so you do not receive fraud alerts from the bank, and attempt to lock you out of the account.

If you provided your Social Security number and date of birth, the data is aggregated into a profile and sold on dark web marketplaces. Other criminals purchase this profile. They use it to open new credit card accounts, apply for personal loans, or file fraudulent tax returns in your name. The damage extends far beyond the immediate loss of funds in your checking account. It corrupts your entire financial identity.


Containing the Damage Through Credit Freezes and Bureau Alerts

Speed dictates the outcome of a compromised identity. You must act faster than the automated scripts used by the criminals. Your first action must be locking down your credit files. Placing a fraud alert is not enough. You must enact a total security freeze at all three major credit bureaus. Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion must all be contacted individually. A credit freeze physically blocks anyone from accessing your credit report to open new accounts. It is a free service mandated by federal law. You should also freeze your file at Innovis, a smaller but frequently used secondary bureau.

Next, contact your financial institutions. Do not use the phone number on the back of your debit card if you believe your phone has been compromised. Log in securely from a different device, change your passwords, enable strict two-factor authentication using an authenticator app rather than SMS, and notify the fraud department that your credentials were exposed. They will monitor your accounts for unauthorized transfers and issue new account numbers if necessary.


Filing Reports With the Federal Trade Commission and FBI IC3

Reporting the scam is not just an administrative formality. It triggers actual investigations and provides you with the legal documentation necessary to dispute fraudulent charges. You must file a report with the Federal Trade Commission at IdentityTheft.gov. The FTC provides a step-by-step recovery plan and a customized identity theft report. This report serves as your primary tool when dealing with banks and creditors. It proves you are a victim of a crime.

Simultaneously, file a complaint with the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center. The IC3 aggregates data on cybercrime. While they do not investigate every individual case, they analyze the data to identify the syndicates running the operations. They track the cryptocurrency wallets and the spoofed domains. Your report adds a crucial piece of evidence to their larger investigations.


Action Required Target Entity Timeframe Expected Outcome
Enact Security Freeze Equifax, Experian, TransUnion Immediate (Within 1 hour) Blocks new lines of credit from being opened in your name.
Secure Bank Accounts Your Primary Financial Institutions Immediate Prevents unauthorized wire transfers and locks stolen credentials.
File Identity Theft Report Federal Trade Commission Within 24 Hours Generates legal documentation to dispute fraudulent charges.
Submit IC3 Complaint FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center Within 48 Hours Provides evidence to federal authorities tracking the syndicate.

The Grandparent Dilemma: Resisting High-Pressure Vishing Tactics

Consider Thomas, a 72-year-old resident of Tampa, Florida. He answered a call from a person claiming to work for the Florida Department of Financial Services. The caller had Thomas's old address and the maiden name of his late wife. The caller insisted the state was holding $12,000 in uncashed dividend checks from an old utility stock. To release the funds by Friday, Thomas needed to pay a $600 insurance fee via a wire transfer to an offshore processing center. The caller was aggressive. They stated that failure to pay would result in a permanent forfeiture of the funds and a potential audit of his tax records.

Thomas faced a harsh choice. Sending the wire transfer meant risking $600 of his fixed income based on fear and a manufactured deadline. Verifying the claim meant hanging up the phone, defying an aggressive caller who sounded authoritative, and searching the official Florida Treasure Hunt website himself. The trade-off was clear. He had to weigh convenience and false promises against the mild friction of verifying the data independently. Thomas chose to hang up. He searched the official database. He found no such claim. The call was a targeted vishing attempt using data scraped from public obituaries and breached consumer databases. Had he paid the $600, the scammers would have called back the next day demanding a $1,000 tax clearance fee.


The Legitimate Path: Finding Your Money Safely at MissingMoney.com

You do not need to wait for a notification to find out if you have unclaimed property. You should proactively search the databases yourself. This eliminates the vulnerability of reacting to unsolicited communications. The safest method involves using the official portals established by state governments.

The primary resource is MissingMoney.com. This website is a national database endorsed by the National Association of State Treasurers and the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators. It aggregates data from almost every state program into a single search engine. You enter your name and the state you live in. The system checks millions of records instantly. It is free. It is secure. It does not display sensitive information like full Social Security numbers to the public.


Conducting a Proper Search Without Falling Victim to Clickbait

When searching for unclaimed property on a search engine, you will encounter dozens of sponsored ads pointing to commercial databases. These sites often use names like "FreeUnclaimedMoneySearch" or "NationalPropertyRegistry". They allow you to search a name, claim they found a match, and then demand a subscription fee or a one-time payment to reveal the details. These are not outright scams in the criminal sense, but they are exploitative businesses selling access to free public records.

You must ignore the sponsored results. Go directly to MissingMoney.com or Unclaimed.org. Alternatively, type your state's name followed by "unclaimed property .gov" into the search bar. Ensure the website you click ends in the official .gov suffix. Search your current name, any maiden names, and the names of deceased relatives whose estates you manage. If you find a match, the site will direct you to the specific state portal to file a claim. The state will ask for documentation. You will likely need to upload a copy of your photo ID and a document proving your connection to the reported address. You submit the forms directly through the secure state portal. The state processes the claim and mails you a check. The entire process costs nothing but a few minutes of your time.


Legal and Regulatory Responses in the Current Year

State governments recognize the severe threat these scams pose to public trust. If citizens believe the unclaimed property system is fundamentally compromised, they will stop participating. Millions of dollars will remain stranded in state coffers. To combat this, legislative bodies and treasury departments are upgrading their security frameworks aggressively.

Lawmakers are introducing stricter penalties for individuals caught impersonating state treasury officials. State attorneys general are pursuing civil litigation against the commercial data brokers who sell the aggregated profiles used by the scammers. However, the international nature of these criminal syndicates limits the effectiveness of local prosecutions. A state attorney general in Michigan cannot easily arrest a scammer operating a server farm in Eastern Europe.


How States Are Upgrading Fraud Detection Mechanisms

State controllers are deploying advanced artificial intelligence to defend their systems. They use machine learning algorithms to analyze the thousands of claims filed every day. These systems spot patterns that human analysts miss. They identify organized fraud networks by linking claims that share identical IP addresses, physical mailing addresses, or bank routing numbers. If a single IP address attempts to file fifty claims across five different names in a single weekend, the AI flags the activity immediately.

States are also upgrading their identity verification requirements. Many now use dynamic knowledge-based authentication. When you file a claim, the system asks questions generated from your credit history. It might ask you to identify the color of a car you owned in 2018 or the name of a mortgage lender you used a decade ago. Scammers who bought a basic data profile on the dark web often cannot answer these highly specific questions. This creates a strong barrier against automated fraud attempts while keeping the legitimate process accessible to real citizens.


Editorial Perspective: Security Through Healthy Skepticism

I track financial fraud patterns for a living. The evolution of the unclaimed property scam proves that criminals do not need complex technical backdoors when human psychology remains so predictable. We all want to believe a forgotten relative left us money or the state is finally giving something back. That instinct is exactly what makes the fraud so effective. The promise of unexpected wealth overrides our natural caution. We ignore the warning signs because we want the premise to be true.

Basic financial hygiene prevents almost all of these losses. You check the official state portal directly. You never pay upfront fees to recover your own money. You verify the sender's domain with absolute paranoia. The tools exist to protect your identity and recover your assets safely. You simply have to use them with intention. Relying on software to save you from a well-crafted lie is a failing strategy. Your best defense is a refusal to act on manufactured urgency. When someone demands your money or your data immediately, the only correct response is to close the message, hang up the phone, and verify the facts yourself. The state is not going to steal your forgotten bank account just because you took twenty-four hours to check a URL.


Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute financial, legal, or tax advice. Readers should consult with a licensed professional regarding their specific situations before making any financial decisions or sharing sensitive personal data. The author and publisher disclaim any liability for actions taken based on the content of this article.

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